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11. | His words, indeed, fit a much larger pattern of fusing socialism with fascism: Mussolini was a leading socialist figure who, during World War I, turned away from internationalism in favor of Italian nationalism and called the blend Fascism. Likewise, Hitler headed the National Socialist German Workers Party. These facts jar because they contradict the political spectrum that has shaped our worldview since the late 1930s, which places communism at the far Left, followed by socialism, liberalism in the center, conservatism, and then fascism on the far Right. But this spectrum, Jonah Goldberg points out in his brilliant, profound, and original new book, Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left from Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning (Doubleday), reflects Stalin's use of fascist as an epithet to discredit anyone he wished - Trotsky, Churchill, Russian peasants - and distorts reality. Already in 1946, George Orwell noted that fascism had degenerated to signify “something not desirable.” उदार फासीवाद विरोधाभासी लगता है या फिर ऐसी शब्दावली है जिसका प्रयोग परम्परावादी उदारवादियों को अपमानित करने के लिए करते हैं। वास्तव में इसे एक सम्मानित और प्रभावशाली वामपंथी एच - जी वेल्स ने ध्वनित किया था जब 1931 में उन्होंने अपने साथी प्रगतिशीलों से कहा कि वे उदार फासीवादी और ‘ ज्ञानवान नाजी बने '। वाकई | |
12. | The goal of victory is not exactly something novel. Sun Tzu , the ancient Chinese strategist, advised that in war, “Let your great object be victory.” Raimondo Montecuccoli , a seventeenth-century Austrian, said that “The objective in war is victory.” Carl von Clausewitz , a nineteenth-century Prussian, added that “War is an act of violence to compel the enemy to fulfill our will.” Winston Churchill told the British people: “You ask: what is our aim? I can answer in one word: Victory - victory - at all costs, victory, in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be.” Dwight D. Eisenhower observed that “In war, there is no substitute for victory.” These insights from prior eras still hold, for however much weaponry changes, human nature remains the same. विजय से ऐसी परिस्थितियाँ बन ही जाती हैं कि जो शांति के लिये उपयुक्त होती हैं। ऐतिहासिक आँकडे इस बात को प्रमाणित करते हैं कि युद्ध तब समाप्त होते हैं जब एक पक्ष पराजय स्वीकार करता है और दूसरा पक्षा विजयी होता है। इसके आधार पर यह अंतर्द्ष्टि बनती है कि जब तक दोनों पक्ष अपनी मह्त्वाकाँक्षा को प्राप्त करना चाहते हैं तब तक संघर्ष जारी रहता है या फिर इसके रुक रुक कर चलने की सम्भावना बनी रहती है। | |
13. | Kuwait, conquered by Iraq, actually disappeared from the face of the earth between August 1990 and February 1991; were it not for an American-led coalition, it would quite certainly never been resurrected. Lebanon has been effectively under Syrian control since 1976 and, should developments warrant formal annexation, Damascus could at will officially incorporate it. Bahrain is occasionally claimed by Tehran to be a part of Iran, most recently in July 2007, when an associate of Ayatollah Ali Khamene'i, Iran's supreme leader, claimed that “Bahrain is part of Iran's soil,” and insisted that “The principal demand of the Bahraini people today is to return this province … to its mother, Islamic Iran.” Jordan's existence as an independent state has always been precarious, in part because it is still seen as a colonial artifice of Winston Churchill, in part because several states (Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia) and the Palestinians see it as fair prey. कुवैत को इराक ने विजित कर लिया था और अगस्त 1990 से फरवरी 1991 तक यह पृथ्वी के मानचित्र से लुप्त हो गया था और यदि अमेरिका नीत गठबन्धन की सेनायें न होतीं तो इसका दुबारा खडा होना असम्भव था। सीरिया 1976 से लेबनान के नियंत्रण में है और यदि औपचारिक विलय हुआ तो दमिश्क अपनी इच्छानुसार इसे आधिकारिक रूप से अपना बना लेगा। कुछ अवसरों पर तेहरान दावा करता है कि बहरीन उसका भाग है। अभी हाल में जुलाई 2007 में ईरान के सर्वोच्च नेता अयातोला खोमैनी के सहयोगी ने दावा किया कि “ बहरीन ईरानी धरती का अंग है” और जोर दिया “ बहरीन के लोगों की प्रमुख मांग है कि इस प्रांत को इसकी माता इस्लामी ईरान को वापस कर दी जाये”। जार्डन की अस्थिरता एक स्वतंत्र राज्य के रूप में अब भी सन्दिग्ध है क्योंकि इसे अब भी विंस्टन चर्चिल की औपनिवेशिक रचना माना जाता है और अनेक राज्य( सीरिया, इराक, सऊदी अरब) और फिलीस्तीनी इसे अपना शिकार मानते हैं। |
Posted on 25 Oct 2024, this text provides information on Words Starting With C in English-Hindi related to English-Hindi. Please note that while accuracy is prioritized, the data presented might not be entirely correct or up-to-date. This information is offered for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and should not be considered as a substitute for professional advice.
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