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Take A QuizDynamic routing is a technique for finding the optimal path for DATA on a computer network.
Dynamic routers can select paths for data packets based on INFORMATION about the current status of the network. If one section of the network fails, or experiences traffic congestion, data can be re-routed to circumvent that part of the network in real-time.
Dynamic routers communicate using a dynamic routing protocol to share information about the network status. They use the shared information to update their routing table, which is a set of rules that determines where network traffic should be directed.
The ability to adapt to a changing network topology is the key benefit of dynamic routing.
HistoryDynamic routing was first used in computer networking in 1980. The first routing protocol was RIP (Routing Information Protocol), and version 1 of the protocol, RIPv1, was released in 1988.
Since then, many new protocols have emerged. RIPv1 was updated in version 2 of the protocol, RIPv2, but it was still limited in its ability to manage larger networks. To handle these more complex networks, the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) networking protocol was developed.
Purpose of dynamic routingProtocols related to routing are used to share details among different routers. Dynamic routing is the combination of processes, algorithms, and messages that convey network status and best-path information.
The purposes of a dynamic protocol are:
There are three main components of a dynamic routing protocol.
Data structureIn a dynamic routing protocol, information is structured in a table format, similar to a spreadsheet. The table contains an up-to-date set of rules for how to transmit data.
AlgorithmDynamic routing algorithms PERFORM many important functions, such as determining how the routing table should be updated. For example, an algorithm may try to find the current route with the smallest "cost," based on the status of the network. The "cost" is a combination of factors that might interfere with fast network performance, such as latency, available bandwidth, or the geographical distance between nodes.
Routing protocol messagesThe protocol also transmits various operational messages to explore networks and share information.
Protocols for dynamic routingThe most popular dynamic routing protocols are OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and RIP (Routing Information Protocol).
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)Open Shortest Path First is a dynamic routing protocol for wide-area IP (Internet protocol) networks. This protocol uses a database of connection data to collect network information as a graph. It evaluates the most efficient path based on available paths and their current link state. It structures network data in segments to optimize the total size of the link-state database.
OSPF is more efficient than RIP when a status change is found in the network.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)RIPv2 (Routing Information Protocol version 2) is an obsolete routing protocol. Designed for a comparatively low hop count of 15, RIPv2 is prone to scalability problems, and performs poorly on larger, more complex networks.
In RIPv2, path analysis of modern networks may require merging multiple RESULTS, which increases the time to identify the best paths.
Workings of dynamic routingFor organizations with complex networks, optimizing routing costs is critical. Dynamic routing offers the best data transfer routes, better maintenance tools, and a more flexible configuration process.
The operations of the dynamic protocol may be generalized as follows:
Dynamic routing on wide networks is easier to customize and more intuitive as you pick the right path. It also facilitates the detection of shifts in routes and exploration of current networks. However, when routers share updates, they use more bandwidth as compared to static routing. As a result, routers, CPUs, and RAM have to deal with extra loads. Therefore, dynamic routing requires more powerful hardware and may require a higher level of maintenance than static routing configurations.
Advantages of dynamic routingDynamic routing protocols have the following advantages:
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